Arizona Republic from Phoenix, Arizona • Page 14

REPUBLIC BULLDOG ipswjjmaw mtmmmim Free Chinese Look Longingly at China Mainland Phoenix, Aug. 6, 1966 14 The Arizona Republic Editor's Note: Ever since the Nationalist government was driven from the China mainland by the Communists in December 1949, the Free Chinese have promised to return and liberate the mainland from its Red masters. Is this just so much talk, or are they serious? A Republic editorial writer on assignment in Asia examines that question. By EDWIN McDOWELL Republic Staff Writer TAIPEI "Several years ago our guerrillas had trouble finding cover on the mainland, obtaining food and shelter. People were scared to help them.

"Now they're eager to help, even though they know it means certain death if they're even suspected. But they no longer care; they're fed up and don't care about the risk. tV'W A 'JM "They're with us completely. And they'll be with us 99 per cent when we return to the mainland." This was Sampson C. Shen speaking.

He is Free China's political vice minister of foreign affairs. Sure About Liberation But it could weU have been any Chinese official here. For to a man, at least in conversation with visitors, they share the common dream that before too long they will ons, it has no substantial offensive capabilities, such as bombers, large warships, or offensive missiles. Finally, the United States, during the Kennedy administration, informed Peking and Taipei that it would neither allow Red China to attach Formosa nor would in any way support a Nationalist invasion of the mainland. But the Free Chinese, perhaps because they are not outsiders except in a political sense, and because their definition of realism differs from that of their critics, point to the other side of the coin.

Their Air Force is the largest and most battle-seasoned in all Free Asia. Their troops are young (average age 25), in tiptop fighting shape, and eager to liberate their countrymen on the mainland. History of Underdog Triumphs Recalled And the overwhelming number of civilians and soldiers suffering under Red domination would join them. Nationalist spokesmen point to the endless tales told by mainland refugees of widespread hatred of communism. They point out that even in the early 1950s, when many Chinese still retained faith in Communist promises, more than two-thirds of all Chinese prisoners of war in Korea elected to come to Formosa rather than return home.

"The numerical strength of the armed forces has never decided the outcome of any struggle in all Chinese history," said Vice Minister Shen. "What has counted is the support of the people. "Dr. Sun Yat-sen had only a handful of soldiers, but he had the people with him, so he was able to establish the Republic of China. "Chiang Kai-shek had few troops when he defeated the warlords in the north in 1926, but he had the people behind him.

"And the Communists themselves had few troops, at least in the beginning, but their clever propaganda fooled the people and there were many other reasons, too so that they ultimately triumphed. "Now are outnumbered. But we have the people on our side, and because of that we will win." Dr. S.T. Tung, onetime professor at several Chinese mainland universities and now a research associate at the University of California, noted that while it is difficult for Ameri- McDowell cans to understand this reasoning, the Communists understand all too well.

"The key word is that Formosa and the mainland are not two countries but one people and one nation, so the people will decide the outcome," he said. "The Communists can maintain control over the people only as long as the mainland is at peace. Once an invasion by Chinese Nationalist troops is under way, there will be widespread revolts and mutinies against the Communists." Guerrilla Action Claimed Effective Therefore, while the Western world debates the wisdom of such a return, Free Chinese troops are constantly training for that moment. The New York Times recently reported that the Nationalists have completed training an army division for amphibious operations which to most people here means only one thing. And on the southern end of this island, and on tiny, volcanic offshore islands, Free China's guerrilla corps continues refining its techniques for landing troops on the mainland's southern provinces.

The effectiveness of these clandestine forces is, of necessity, shrouded in secrecy. Nevertheless, government spokesmen claim that they are enormously successful, that they operate in every coastal town and village on the mainland and far into the interior as well, and that their work has become much easier despite increased Communist security measures. Whatever the truth of these claims, many refugees here have told of making contact with clandestine anti-Communist forces on the mainland before escaping. Predicting Liberation Effort Difficult It is impossible for a visitor to predict how, when, or even if the Free Chinese will return to the mainland; one's guesses are almost sure to arise out of his biases and hopes, wishes and frustrations. But no visitor can fail to sense the conviction with which Chinese of all ages here hold to the belief of someday recovering the territory which the Communists now hold as a result of the civil war that still exists between the two governments.

No one can say what will happen in the future: whether increased prosperity and the changing of the Free Chinese guard will dampen the enthusiasm to embark on a risky crusade, or whether that' same prosperity, contrasted with the suffering of parents and friends on the mainland, will heighten the determination to liberate the Red-held territory. But for now that enthusiasm appears genuine. And for that, much of the reason lies with President Chiang Kai-shek. Qiiang Recognized Red Menace Early Chiang, top man in China since the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925, recognized the Communist evil perhaps before any other important world figure. He spent four months in Russia in 1923 and upon his return advised Dr.

Sun not to trust the Communists either in Russia or the ones Sun accepted in his Kuomintang (Nationalist) party on their pledge, signed by a Comintern representative, not to try to impose communism on China. Chiang himself expelled the Communists in 1927, when it became apparent that they were trying to undermine his government. The Japanese attacked China in July 1937, and for 53 months the heoric Chinese fought on alone. The Communists pledged a united front against the invaders, but mostly they used this time to build their forces in preparation for the postwar clash they knew was inevitable. When the Allies entered the war, Japan made repeated overtures to Chiang for peace, but he refused to negotiate.

liberate the China mainland from its Communist masters. That theme, although usually spoken matter-of-factly, without any trace of skepticism or boasting, is a persistent one on Formosa. In most of his public pronouncements, President Chiang Kai-shek mentions it. And just recently Chiang's son, Defense Minister Chiang Ching-kuo, addressing 9,000 college students undergoing summer military training, urged the students to dedicate themselves to the national mission of mainland recovery. Nothing is guaranteed to convulse Free China's critics with laughter faster than talk about liberating the mainland.

And any realistic outsider would have to concede that the prospect seems anything but encouraging. Obstacles Loom Large to Outsiders For one thing, Free China has only 600,000 troops and 12 million people, while Red China has 2.5 million troops and 600 million people. For another, while Free China has modern defensive weap- Republic Photo REMEMBER CHU This slogan emblazoned on rock on Quemoy Island is the motto of Free Chinese who hope to return to mainland. Solgan refers to 284 B.C., when thousands of Yen troops overran more than 70 cities of the state of Ch'i. But the loyal Ch'is stood firm for five years at the city of Chu and finally recovered all of Ch'i.

For eight long years his troops fought the Japanese while simultaneously trying to hold the Communists at bay. By war's end, China had suffered 3.2 million casualties. Its industry was ruined, its people poverty stricken, its morale low at the very time the Communists were preparing their big push. Six days before Japan surrendered, Russia entered the war. Despite a treaty pledge of support for the Nationalists, the Soviets furnished the Communists with enormous supplies of Japanese weapons and gave them sanctuary in Manchuria from Nationalist troops.

The United States, meanwhile, in an effort to unify China, pushed for a coalition government. At one point, in an effort to apply pressure on Chiang, it even withhold weapons and ammunition earmarked for the Nationalist cause. 4We Will Return the Reds Know It' But the Communists broke one agreement after another. And, by skillful propaganda and by exploiting the confusion and war-weariness of the Chinese people, they ultimately captured the mainland and forced the Nationalists to retreat to Formosa as four times previously the government of China moved to another province although remaining on China soil. So now the Nationalists dream of returning to Nanking, to govern a mainland which has not known peace for decades.

"We have great patience," said Vice Minister Shen, "so we have been content to bide our time. But now time is running out; we will have to act before Peking develops a delivery system for its nuclear weapons. "But we will return. The Communists know we will; that's why they're so scared. And anyone who doubts it is going to be in for a big shock on the day it happens." 1 i Republic Photo by Edwin McDowell preparation for commando raids against the Red Chinese on the mainland.

GETTING READY Guerrilla forces of the Republic of China undergo rigorous training in i 1 1 I 11 i E1 i 1 11 1 1 1 1 i 1 iiilt! i 1 1 Ut I 1 1 rH, I 1 13 I 1 1 ill riE! UMi I I Ili'iliiiiraiB liiiMmmmuHHii' imm Liquor Control Agents Arrested More About Arizona Briefs Rep. Louis B. Ellsworth, D-Gila, one count each of bribery and lie Edmond Godare, 32, of 1645 E. Thomas. He faces two counts.

I Other arrests have included those of Sen. Ben Arnold, D-Pinal, two counts of bribery; THE ARRESTS brought to 14 (Continued from Page 1) counts; Bert T. Arce, 66, of 3824 E. 20th four counts; Edward Joseph Kane, 54, of 112 W. Oco-tillo Vista, 10 counts; and Emil Peter Donisi, 66, of 6179 E.

Hawthorne, eight counts. former Rep. J. D. Holmes, D-Maricopa, two counts of bribery and one of grand theft; former Rep.

Elmer King, D-Maricopa, PRESCOTT The Scaife family of Pittsburgh has given a $130,000 donation to Pres-cott College, Dr. Ronald C. Nairn, president announced yesterday. influence peddling; and John Ornelas of Phoenix, codefendant with Arnold on one count of bribery. EXPLAINING the suspension of the agents, Sheik commented: "They have been told that this the number of persons who have been charged by the one-man 'grand jury since it started secret sessions July 6.

The liquor department and attendant scan codefendant with Holmes on one The Phoenix agent, who form count of grand theft; former dals have been its target. erly worked in Tucson, is Les YUMA -John Olin of Yuma was presented an Army Certificate of Appreciation for patriotic civilian service here this week. Olin was cited for his work in the planning and dispatch of a Boy Scouts of America Order ot the Arrow meeting held recently at. the Yuma orovine I ground. (suspension) is in no way a prejudgement of the charges against them, and it is in no way meant to hinder a fair and impartial trial on these charges." Sheik said later in a Tucson press conference that Soderman was not demoted or reassigned in connection with the indictments.

Soderman, like Sheik, is a former FBI agent. He joined the liquor department Feb. 13, 1959, and was made division chief in Tucson in the fall of 1962. IN A PRESS statement released through Gov. Goddard's office, Sheik said Soderman will be replaced by former Phoenix NOGALES The Tumaca-cori National Monument had 4,822 visitors in 1,100 vehicles during the month of July.

This is nearly 3 per cent more than during the same period a year ago, according to Supt. Irving McNeil Jr. LIQUOR AGENTS Emil P. Donisi of Tucson, left, was one of nine state liquor control agents released on $1,000 bond on one-man grand jury charges involving fradulent payment claims made to the state. Following Donisi is agent Bert T.

Arce of Tucson, wearing hat, and flanked by Sheriff's Deputy Rex Stone. jury, bribery and conspiracy. He was acquitted of perjury by a trial jury in Tucson on July 22. He is awaiting trial on the detective Sgt. Wesley Mauldin recently joined the liquor department with the rank of sergeant.

Touching on Soderman's demotion and reassignment, Sheik said in the release: "Under the bribery and conspiracy counts. SAN ANGELO originally went to work for the department system in force when I be came superintendent, expense and mileage accounts were not submitted to the agent in charge but directly to the de DUNCAN Open house this week at Caldwell's Duncan Funeral Chapel was attended by more than 800 visitors. The facility, the first of its kind to be established in this area, will be managed by Hal Clonts. Facilities of the chapel include a room for services which will eventually have full seating capacity and an organ. There is also a selection room with a small office.

Situated at the corner of Railroad Avenue and- Main, the chapel is housed in a portion of the building formerly known as the Duncan Mercantile. partment headquarters in Phoe nix, so the agent in charge Tucson had nothing to do with them." July 1, 1955. He resigned Jan. 1, 1963, in the wake of a scandal in Tucson involving football betting cards, and was rehired in January 1965. Records in the liquor department show that the other agents went to work on the following dates: Cates, March 17, 1965; Hy-mer, June 1, 1951; Wells, June 7, 1965; Doonan, March 2, 1963; Arce, Oct.

16, 1956; Kane, Sept. 7, 1961; Godare, Oct. 1, 1965; IN ADDITION to the seven 1 ii 1 suspensions and one resignation yesterday, Sheik said, eight ym other agents have resigned, retired, or had their employ ment terminated" in the past three weeks. Sheik became head of the and Donisi, originally hired in June 1951, left at an unknown date and was rehired Feb. 4, liquor department June 30 after John A.

Duncan resigned the 1959. Meantime, Gov. a NOGALES Tourist crossings into Mexico have decreased over those of a year ago, according to U.S. Immigration Service statistics. In July 8,006 persons crossed at Nogales, compared to 8.570 during the same month last year.

job under fire from the governor's office. San Aneelo was suspended July 5 after a Tucson grand asked the attorney general to prepare civil actions designed to recover the state's money should the charges be proved. RELEASED ON BO.N'D Four state liquor agents leave courtroom of Judge Frank X. Gordon after being accused of filing false expense account claims with the state. From left are Edward J.

Kane, Maceo H. Wells, William O. Doonan and Peter San Angelo. All are from Tucson. Leonard B.

Hymer In Liquor Scandal John F. Cates Faces Charges jury investigating liquor license matters indicted him for per- I.