Arizona Republic from Phoenix, Arizona • Page 2

Pafce School Hobby Fair Is Slated The fourth annual hobby fair of the Maricopa county schools will be held Friday and Saturday in the agricultural building at the state fairgrounds. Sponsored by John H. Barry, Maricopa county superintendent of schools, the two-day fair will place on display be, fore the public examples of the leisure-time hobbies, projects, and pursuits of hundreds of children. Founded four years ago, the fair has grown in the number and vari- ety of exhibits with each successive presentation and the forthcoming presentation is expected to surpass all others, Mr. Barry said.

Many schools have held or are concluding their own hobby fairs, and the cream of exhibits from all these will be on display at the county fair. Displays will range from collec tions of and paper match covers, dolls, flags, and scores of other outstanding examples of art and handcraft. Securities Act Change Asked WASHINGTON, Apr. Wadsworth, Republican, New York representative, offered amendments today to the securities exchange act which he told the house "will help to put both dollars and men to work and thus fortify our free institutions." In general, he said, the amendments would reduce the cost of complying: witft requirements for reRistering: securities issues for public sale and were designed to end "a sort of reign of terror" by the Securities and Exchange Commission over businessmen. The amendments would: 1.

Provide for a form of prospectus "which will be more comprehensible to investors" by limiting the requirements to "essentials" and "eliminating the voluminous mass of unimportant detail now required." 2. Authorize publication, "subject to adequate safeguards against false or misleading statements, of simple descriptive newspaper advertisements informing the public of security Offerings." 3. Simplify what Wadsworth described as "needlessly complicated registration procedure" and reduce "the excessive costs now involved in registration." 4. Reduce the statutory waiting period for securities sales from 20 to seven days. 5.

Forbid issuance of SEC rules or regulations "without giving persons adversely affected a fair opportunity to be heard." 6. Forbid the commission to publish charges of wrongdoing or violation of law until such charges are proved. 7. Provide "prompt relief to persons injured or aggrieved by "any arbitrary or unreasonable act or ruling of an officer or employees of the commission, with an opportunity to appeal to the courts if he cannot obtain relief within the commission." 8. Amend the preamble of the securities exchange act so as to Instruct the commission that "its duty is to encourage and foster orderly, active, stable and liquid securities markets for the protection of investors, as well at to police these markets to prevent fraud and other abuses." Wadsworth asserted that his amendments were based on a one- man inquiry he conducted among "corporations engaged in productive business." Republic.

PHoeiiix, Wednesday MornirigrApril 1 TelepKoncf 34? Insanity Plea Will Be Made An insanity defense was injected yesterday into the murder case of Herbert'Mart in Oliver, 35-year-old slayer of Michael O'Toole, 73, a retired Phoenix army sergeant, fatally shot after he had been robbed of S20. Edwin Beauchamp, court-appointed defense attorney, filed notice that his client to show in evidence that he was insane or mentally defective at the time of the alleged commission of the offense charged." The first-degree murder case is scheduled to be tried before Superior Judge Dudley W. Windes April 29. Darrell R. Parker, deputy county attorney, contends Oliver is guilty of first-degree murder because O'Toole was shot fatally while Oliver was robbing him in his home here February 24.

Oliver admitted the robbery but Events, Not Propaganda, Mold Much Public Opinion (EDITOR'S NOTE: What things really mold public opinion in the United States? Propaganda? Events? Howard W. Blakeslee, science expert, sums up recent research into this subject in two interesting daily articles. Tomorrow: European radio propaganda). NEW YORK, Apr. Events, instead of propaganda, are causing most of the big shifts in American war opinion as charted by national surveys at Princeton University.

The invasion of Norway, or the sea fight at Oran, are examples. Also important are domestic events, notably the national election and a Roosevelt fireside talk. The Princeton charts show a large swing of American sentiment in the apparent direction of war, but the causes, so far as the charts disclose them, would surprise those who suspect that propaganda is dominant. "Propaganda," said Dr. Hadley Cantril, associate professor of psychology, in charge of the work, "is important.

But it is not the all-powerful weapon that some people make it out to be. "For instance, probably no amount of German propaganda, no matter how skillfully handled, could make us fight on the German side. "The important thing is the way in which of them, to be sure, are propaganda in their the people whose interests, values and prejudices are already pretty well fixed." The war sentiment is shown in a great graph covering a large attic wall in the building housing the Princeton public opinion research project. A grant from one of the large American foundations supports the work, and the data is obtained by the same sampling methods and the, same interviewers who produce one of the nationally used public opinion polls. On the wall, a dozen chalk lines trace the course of various American opinions on war questions.

Most of them run from the outset of the war to the present. the bottom of the wall, below all the opinion lines, are written, month by month, or week by week, the dramatic events of the period. It is directly above some of these events that the opinion lines show most of their changes in direction. An example is the question considered uppermost at pres- sent In American minds. This reads: "Is it more important to help England even at risk of war than to keep out of war?" Only 85 per cent of those answering said "yes" in May, 1940.

But after the French surrender, this opinion began a rather steep climb. The mass air raids on Britain and the Tokyo-Rome-Berlin axis pact boosted this line some more. It rose to 60 per cent "yes" In September. The next big event, the October windup of the American political campaign, turned this opinion line rather abruptly downward. "Yes" dropped nearly 10 per cent.

The explanation, Dr. Cantril said, was probably that the campaign had taken people's minds somewhat off war and that both major party candidates were talking of keeping out of war. But after election, the opinion rose again to 60 per cent "yes." No special cause for this rebound was appsrent. However, there occurred December 29 an event which again seemed directly to influence this opinion. That was the President's first fireside talk after election.

Quickly then the line rose to 68 per cent, meaning more than two thirds answered at risk of war." Court Decides Convention Site Superior Judge Dudley W. Windes yesterday ordered the hold- ng of the 1941 convention of the Alianza Hispano-Americana, a fra- benefit corporation with leadquarters in Tucson, In Trinidad. Saturday. The order came at conclusion of a lengthy hearing in the suit of Greg Garcia, Phoenix attorney and supreme counsellor of the organization, and was directed to Emilio H. Apodaca and Jose Jordi, supreme president and secretary, respectively.

Mr. Garcia asserted that the organization had voted at its last con- ention to hold the 1941 conven- Oliver aamineo ine roDDery DUI tion Aprjl 19 in Trinidad that insisted the pistol discharged acci- the Dresident and sec retarv are dentally while the pair struggled for possession of it. Phoenix Firm Is Low Bidder the preside nt and secretary are bound by law and regulations to hold it as scheduled. Attorneys for the defendants told the court the corporation has no 'funds it can legally use to hold the convention. Judge Windes also set aside an order of the Arizona Corporation Commission enjoining of Phoenix submitted a low bid ol 536,195 for construction of an electrical distribution system and appurtenant facilities at the Phoenix military airport, Litchfield Park, the war department announced today.

Emerson Students Will Give Pageant A historical pageant, "Freedom will be given at p. m. April 25 by Emerson School students on the school grounds, with more than 600 children participat- The pageant portrays the struggle to create and maintain a democracy in the United States and brings the history up to date. Students from fourth to eighth grades will take part. SENTENCE SERMONS By THE REV.

ROY L. SMITH Shallow in luck; great souls believe in industry. deceived by appearances; great ones look beneath them. confused by noise; great ones wait until the noise is over. themselves in worry; great ones spend themselves In work.

driven by the winds; neat ones harness the winds. against God; great ones set out to know His mind. be herded; great ones leap to leadership. Student Pianist Gives Program Earle L. Stone, director of the Phoenix Junior College music department, presented Marjorie Hackler, pianist, in her graduation recital at 8:15 o'clock last night at the college.

Assisting Miss Hackler were Lawrence Thomas, bass soloist, and Jeanette Reynolds, accompanist Miss Hackler's numbers included "Sonata, Opus 51." by Beethoven; "Songs Without Words," by Mendelssohn; "Perpetual Motion," by Von Weber: "Scherzo, Flat Minor," by Chopin; "Polonaise, A Flat Major," by Chopin; "Reflections in the Water," by Debussy; "Valse," by Levitzky; "Minuet," by Mirovitch; and "Rhapsody No. 6," by Liszt. Mr. Thomas sang "Myself When Young," by Lehmann; "Hear Me Ye Winds and Waves," by Handel; "Possente Numi," by Mozart; "Vittoria Mio Core," by Carissimi; "Armourer's Song," by De Koven; and "Big Bass Viol," by Bohannon. Miss Reynolds accompanied the vocal selections.

Mr. Thomas is pupils of Frederick Hartung. Russia reports that nearly 7,000,000 male and female peasants in the country have been trained as tractor drivers, combine operators, chauffeurs, farm" executives, bookkeepers, technicians, agronomists and other skilled workers. Donato Santana, a bachelor aged 106, married -woman of 46 in Bahia, Brazil. The opinion that the United States would get into war (that, is, regardless of whether the person answering favored this) started at the beginning of war with "yes" from about half those questioned.

It fell to a low of 28 per cent when France quit. Then came the British attack on Jie French fleet at Oran. Immed- this opinion rose to 41 per cent. The fight appeared to be taken as the first concrete sign that England would carry on. After Japan joined the Rome- Berlin axis, this opinion went up to 58 per cent.

Then the October election dropped it to 48. After election, this opinion rose to about 62 per cent and has been fairly steady since. This Tokyo-Rome-Berlin pact was considered to be the only piece of propaganda showing a marked influence on sentiment. Of course, the pact also was an event, but its timing: suggested the date was chosen for propaganda effect. As propaganda, it backfired, pushing American war sentiment up instead of down, the chart shows.

Dr. Cantril said persons who favor aid to Britain, also tend to favor helping China, and to join in any sentiment against dictators. Congressional hearings have not yet been followed by noticeable opinion swings. This may be ex- Jlained, Dr. Cantril said, because last a long time, and because so many people pick out only the arguments they wish to believe.

In opinions for or against mili- conscription, only about one third of the answers were "yes" early in the war. But the invasion of Norway and of the low countries was followed by a change to a ma- 'ority favoring conscription. Of all opinion changes, the greatest one occurred among young men whose families earn $2,500 a year or more. Last May, 80 per cent of these boys were against war. In October, only 34 per cent of them remained against.

A surprise is that having young men of military age in the family does not seem, to make any difference in opinions either for or against risking war. However, although the aid-to Britain "even at risk of war" sentiment has risen to a little above two of those answering, yet the question, "Do you think the U. S. should declare war on Germany?" never has been above 16 per cent. At the first of this year, it stood around four per cent.

'As a result of this study, and others in progress elsewhere," said Dr. Cantril, "we shall understand the reactions of people to this war far better than we ever can the World War." LOOK FOB THE RED GREEN LABEL Out Of Tune There are more Gulbrannen pianos out of tune in Arizona than any other simply because there are more Gulbranden pianos In people wIV not tune their pianos! (They Kervlce their rare inMeaa!) "Many a truth is spoken In jest." Be a good sport and give us a break by tuning your piano onre a year! The piano ran 'take and your neighbors will enjoy it, (even tho you don't know the dlff.) Come Buy My Pianos ttt W. WASH. PHOENIX WHERE ACTIVITY CENTERS The transcontinental highway that runs east and west along the southwest of Second avenue and Van Buren is alive with traffic day and night. Much of Phoenix' wholesale, retail and business activity makes this corner a hub.

It will be even more in the center of things as Phoenix advances. Suy Phoenix Now! This corner is now for sale. It is only on the market because the present owner has made an even greater investment in business property that is better suited to future expansion. While this property is bringing a return of net on the purchase price, through long-term lease by a major- oil company, it offers a speculation for a greater valuation because of its excellence as a site for future building requirements. All street and other assessments are completely paid.

Terms Are Available $45,000 is considered a fair price for this piece of business property. Yet are available that are advantageous to the purchaser. YOUR REALTOR WILL BE GLAD TO GIVE YOU COMPLETE INFORMATION RE- CARDING THIS PROPERTY. SEE HIM TODAY SURE! Danger Seen! To Democracy If the people of the United States are not interested in understanding the processes by which they live, they might as well kiss their liberty good-by, Maj. Robert E.

Adams, retired, U. S. Marine Corps, declared in a talk yesterday before the Phoenix Kiwanis Club at the weekly luncheon in Hotel Adams on "Fading Democracy in America." The major'is a winter visitor. His talk dealt entirely with the economic and social structure of the nation. He discussed the of serious economic dislocations and social distress.

He described the situation as being comparable to that which has prevailed in all of the dying democracies of the past. Liberty End Feared "If the people do not understand the condition and its causes, someone one of these days will walk off with their liberty," declared. He described the situation as being such that no leader alone can pull the people out of the wilderness. It must be done education, he sald and a willingness on the part of the people to understand the and to correct them. There are 10,000,000 workers In this country today, he said, who draw six times as much unit wages as do 40,000,000 workers.

The result is an unbalance. Major Adams went into the law of trade and illustrated his points about the exchange of commodities or production between workers with small blocks. War Cause Told The current European war, he said, was brought about by the crushing of the farm worker in England, Germany and Japan, and to a certain extent 'in Italy. He said the same trend was taking place in this country. When economic dislocations ana social distress are present in a nation, he said, national unity and patriotism lag.

No one, he said, benefits from such a situation. Prosperity, he asserted, must come from the people, and not through leaders. i M. F. Wharton was chairman.

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